Mangantar Sitohang
A lecturer of STIBA-IEC Jakarta
Tohang-tantan@live.com
ABSTRACT
This
research attempts to analyze the America’s President Nominees for 2017 to 2021
period, Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton’s language styles during their
acceptance convention nomination speech seen from Speech Acts classification. Donald
Trump representing Republic Party and Hillary Clinton representing Democratic
Party must have done their best to prepare their speeches in their first day
campaign for all the people coming the building/hall and all American who
listen to their speeches. And the fact,
the situations/atmospheres in the building, seen from the video/YouTube are so
interesting, entertaining, mixed emotional and touching sceneries. Those
sceneries are really present not only because their beautiful musical back
grounds but above all due to their
speech styles relating with or
covering not only about their strong
claims/beliefs or assertion /descriptions about his/her opponent drawbacks but
also about his/her strengths or achievement.
The pledges, assertions, commitment and desires or orders articulated are also
interesting to see or observe. Many of their utterances contain slippery
meanings or messages. So no wonder almost all the people coming the building constantly
are really impressed and give
enthusiastic and supporting responses to both of them in more than one hour,
and quite often they give standing applause after hearing very strong declaration, commitments,
plans, vows and promises to all Americans. And apart from that, we can clearly
see how each blows his/her blow his/her trumpet or how each attacks
his/opponent in world class level. And for the researcher, what they have
demonstrated in term of their language styles are important, educating and inspiring,
therefore deserves to be observed, and for English language lecturers/teachers
and students who have interests in English, this is really interesting to
observe.
Key
words: speech act, distinctive language style, utterances and slippery message
A. INTRODUCTION
1.
Background
American
convention nomination speech for their Presidency Candidates is one the most
special events in American political agenda and is always awaited curiously. As
the winner between the official candidates will determine the fate and the
future of America. To the world, not only for the Americans themselves, this
year acceptance convention speech is a lot more special than the previous ones.
This should happen because of two clear facts. Americans have opened a new
chapter, that is one of Candidates is represented by female Candidate, Hillary
Clinton. She has defeated all male candidates from Democratic Party during pre-
qualification process, and she could qualify with a convincing result.
Another
fact that makes this year convention nomination speech more special is the
presence of her opponent, Donald Trump. Right from the very beginning, many
people have raised their eye brows when he became one of the candidates
representing Republic Party. Many people, not only American show their
resistance to Donald Trump, as he is labelled, a controversial man. He has made
some controversial statements that often make people very surprised / shocked
or even get angry or offended due to his some controversial statements.
The
researcher’s main interest is here neither to observe how Hillary Clinton could
qualify to represent Democratic Party nor to discuss why Donald Trump should
get the controversial candidate label, but solely to see their language style
during their acceptance of speech nomination. The researcher feels very lucky
to have met and heard their speeches from YouTube. Well, listening to English
news / English speech is one the researcher’s hobbies, as it can refresh and
enrich his insight. English speeches /
English news can of course be found / heard from Radio or TV, but the
researcher chose YouTube as the source of the English speech to be observed.
Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton’s purpose is exactly the same during their speech
that is to convey official declaration for acceptance nomination and at the
same time to start campaigning. They must have done their best for that very
important moment; such what issues to raise and how to improve /solve them. And
those can perhaps give the people’s preference for the up-coming American
election. The researcher has no capacity or competence to comment on their
speech contents of course, but the researcher’s top priority is to observe
closely Mr. Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton’s distinctive language style in
declaring their nomination convention speech as US President Candidates. One of
two must be elected, and will
automatically become as US President, a President of a super power country, and
their language color might have contribution to his/her win, perhaps, the world
is watching, the world is waiting.
Of
course, it is during their acceptance nomination speech, they both tried their
best to express their grateful and sincere gratitude and empathy to their
audience/people and at the same time also to influence or persuade them by
making/showing assertions, describing their commitments, and making or
describing many issues to attack his/her opponent or showing his/her
achievement s/he has done in America.
At
the beginning part of their appearance at the podium, each receives very warm welcome
from their guests/crowds. Their gratitude and greetings to their people look very
interesting, when accepting nomination and declaring his/her readiness for the
US President Candidate. And the facts
all the people coming the building look very enthusiastic and excited in
hearing the messages, s/he is about to convey or deliver. From the researcher’s
point of view, both tried to impress and convince the American people that s/he
deserves to be elected on the Election Day and lead America, a superpower
country.
And
the facts, what they have shown/demonstrated during their convention nomination
speech did not only to welcome and express gratitude to the people supporting
him/her but, above all also to suggest or guide their supporters to elect
him/her in the Election Day. The way each directs and influences/persuades them
is so rich or colorful. How each blows his/her trumpet or makes claims, about his/her
achievements at the same time, each also shows his/her opponent weakness or failures
also contains colorful languages that also often contain slippery messages/meanings.
The way Donald Trump labels himself, and the way Hillary Clinton labels Donald
T or and herself is interesting to note from speech acts angles.
In a
nut shell, to many people the content of their speech /programs are their top
concern but for the researcher, it is their language color during their speeches,
and to reiterate, their goal is the same, to declare their acceptance and each articulates differently, with his/her own
way.
2. Problem Formulations:
1)
How are their speeches like seen from Speech
Act Classification? Or what dominant Speech Act Classification can be found in
each candidate’s speech?
2)
What types of modalities does each employ
showing their pledges, promises, commitments and who employs more various
modalities on their speech?
3)
What slippery assertions/statements does each
convey in their speech?
3. Theoretical Framework
3.1 Language
Language is something taken for granted. Yet
without it government could not operate, business would cease trade could not
be carried on, and science industry would be hopeless tangle. In fact, without language
most human activity would cease.
3.1.1 Functions of Language
Among
many functions of language, the researcher quotes only relevant functions to
this topic:
a.
The instrumental function, meaning language
existence is not only to obtain goods and services but also to communicate
preferences, choices, wants and needs, very often it’s situational.
b.
The regulatory function that is language’s
presence is to supervise and to control behavior of other people through
language use.
c.
The representational function that is the use
of language is to explain something, convey messages, making statement,
presenting all facts and knowledge, describing and reporting all realities as
what people really see.
d.
The interactional function, the uses of
language to have interaction with others, to develop a plan or maintain a
play/group activity, and this interactional communication will of course need
knowledge such as slang, jargon, cultural values, idioms etc., so that natural
interaction can exist contextually.
e.
The personal function, that is to give someone
to express his/her feeling, emotion, condition etc., and normally some body’s
character / personality can be seen from his / her personal language function.
f.
The heuristic function, the use of language
is explored and gain / find out new knowledge and the use of this function is
normally made in questions that should else be answered as well.
g. The
imagination function, the use of language for fiction such as creating, poems,
story, novel, etc.
3.2 Speech Acts
Language presence is mostly
found in oral forms; such as in conversation/dialogue or monologue, or in speech
etc., and their needs vary and people normally can make their own
interpretation from the utterance or speech they have just got/heard. But if
seen from speech act classification, the content or the message conveyed could
be clearer to the hearers (people).
As the basic unit linguistic
communication, Speech Act, the production of what is said within performance of
an action shown via utterance, can provide a particular meaning. And Austin
(1962) argues that in producing a speech act, speakers perform three kinds of
acts simultaneously, elocutionary act - the act of saying/uttering something in
a given language, illocutionary act - the act of performed in saying something,
such as making a statement, declaration, request etc. and elocutionary act –
the act performed by saying something, that is the effects on the hearers
produced by the illocutionary act - eq. convincing, persuading etc. forms. And
Searle gave taxonomy/classified Speech Act into five.
3.2.1 Speech
Act classifications
a.
Commissive Speech Act, this relates to the
speaker’s commitment, plan, intention, promise or vow s/he has to do/achieve in the future example : “We are going to build wall“.
b.
Assertive/ Representative Speech act, the
speaker’s report, complaint, claim, statement, assertion etc., ex. “We have the
most powerful military”.
c.
Directive Speech Act, the speaker’s wish to
ask, advice, order, request, recommend, invite or beg the listeners or audience
about something.
d.
Expressive Speech Act, this has to the
speaker’s way to: welcome, thank,
apologize or deplore, condole, praise, blame, forgive, pardon. Ex. of thanking
or welcoming: “what a remarkable week it’s been!’.
e.
Declarative Speech act, this relates to the
speaker’s way to pronounce or declare something or condition/situation. Or the
world is in some way no longer the same after something has been said.
3.3 Language style
Normally, everybody has
their own way when talking or giving speech, they will choose the best way they
can to deliver/convey to their target people. So language style, the choice of
words/dictions, phrases, utterances, sentences or particular characteristics
may have to do with the choice of figurative language, paradox, sarcasm,
cynical, irony slogan, and motto, credo and so on to make their messages to
their target people look more accurate, lively or powerful.
a. Figurative
There are people stating or describing things,
conditions or situations straight to the points by employing words having only denotative
meaning, which we often think result in effective and efficient result, and
that’s fine, but there are also many people when sending message they tend to
use words that give new insight, new greater effects and stronger image or new
perspective to the hearers or listeners called figurative languages. And figurative
language or figurative speeches cover many, depending on the needs or purposes
of the utterance, speech, or text.
b. Slogan
Beside figurative language that can become
their tools in speech campaign, candidates are often known from their simple
and catchy words or catch- line/strap-line o/ tag-line which are called as
slogan. And those short and easily remembered words, phrases or sentences are
especially designed to advertise / promote their ideas, and of course they are
hoped to attract and impress potential voters’ attention. And normally the
candidates must have had/hired political consultant to design powerful and
attractive ones, so they sound up-to- date or relevant to current condition.
c.
Motto
The people might not be satisfied with the
above aspects to the candidates; they need to know the candidates’ brief
statement to show/express their lives goals or lives goals, their beliefs or
aims and shortly defined as Motto. Because all these factors will be seen as
guiding steps to do their action in achieving their visions.
3.4 Modality
Modality is cover term for devices which allow speakers
to express varying degrees of commitments or belief, it can also signal a
particular attitude on the part of the speaker to the proposition expressed or
situation described. In words, it can function to show/express the speaker’s
judgements, stance or attitude on the truth of the proposition the speakers
utter. Modality has to do with two kinds; Deontic modality, relates with
obligation and Epistemic modality is concerned with possibility. And modality
is normally used in;
Nouns
like : duty, obligation, probability, likelihood
Adjectives
like: necessary, possible, likely.
Adverbs
such : as obviously, probably, perhaps.
And
Halliday classifies Modality or Modal Verbs as follows;
1. High :
must, ought to, need to, have to , is/am/are to
2. Median :
will, would, shall, should
3. Low : may, might, can.
3.5Semantics
and Pragmatics
People’s
utterances normally mean for something, when the meaning coming from the
utterances relate with linguistic knowledge itself, then it’s part of
Semantics, that means, the meaning shown in the sentence or utterances, can be
related with reference, or sense relation or often put SP, Semantic Paraphrase.
And besides that, in analyzing meaning, it can also be related with Pragmatics,
branch of linguistics that studies the factors that govern our choices of
language in social interaction and the effects of our choice on others, or it is
the study of how utterances have meaning in situations and normally to show
equal meaning we put PP, Pragmatic Paraphrase.
Meaning analysis might have to do with entailment that is the relation
between two or more utterances/sentences conveyed by the speaker. And meaning
analysis related with Pragmatics can also be seen from Presupposition, meaning
that the speaker assumes the receivers/listeners already know the message the
message is about.
In
short, to grasp utterances/sentences’ meaning, should be seen from various
sides angles, depending on the context or situation constraints, no wonder, we
often see; SP, Semantic Paraphrase, Pragmatic Paraphrase, Entailment,
Presupposition aspect from the utterance/sentence presence.
3. 6. Methodology
In
this study, the researcher uses descriptive method using discourse analysis to
describe the theories related to the research topic.
B. FINDING AND DISCUSSION
His
acceptance speech is opened by his own daughter, Ivana, and After that Donald appears on the stage, welcoming his supporters and says
“ thank you /thank you very much’ about five times for the very warmth welcome
he receives accompanied with responsive gestures , he then greets the people / audience with intimate
expression/ greeting. In the fourth minute he said “Friends,
Delegates and Fellow Americans I humbly and gratefully accept your nomination
for the Presidency of United States. And he reminds the people coming about
his disbeliefs when he started his candidate process from the beginning,
meaning Americans/people prediction for his success representing Republic Party
is something unbelievable. He articulates with strong raising tone,
expressively and on the third minute, he proudly accepts the nomination. The he
continued “we will lead our party back to the white House, and we will lead our
country back to safety, prosperity, and peace. We will be a country of
generosity and warmth. But we will also be a country of law and order.
Then he makes many assertion and
statements, saying in USA there are many bad situations or conditions such as
the attacks on the police, terrorism, violence on the streets and chaos in the
community, unemployment, increasing poverty, injustices, and victims of
shootings. To him the present government fails to protect and defend the lives
of the citizens, and full of lies. He
presents or describes all mentioned above, in details and in many various
utterances or expressions which often contain sarcasm, or paradoxes
sentences/expressions that make people or audience shocked or surprised about
his opponent, as she is still closely-linked with the present government/incumbent.
So all the accusations he addressed to his opponent are in various utterances.
The predicate Donald Trump attaches to
Hillary Clinton also sharp, starting from her position as a; Senator, First Lady
for 8 years and as a Secretary of State
2009 to 2013. The labels he gives
are not less sarcastic and paradoxical. Such
as incompetent, weak, careless, puppet and has bad track-record, as she is
closely link with Barrack Obama, the incumbent and her husband Bill Clinton.
In part of his speech, Donald Trump blows his
trumpet, in very confident and
expressive way he said “I
alone can fix all the problems”,
it means he the one and only who can
understand all the problems and have empathy.
And apart from that, he also makes many good and beautiful promises or
plans. In solving the problems by America, Mr. Donald Trump shows or describes
his commitments by employing many modalities in his speech which makes his
language or speech really great and colorful as well. And not less
interestingly, besides all those modalities he uses, he also empowers his words
by using some figurative language, showing evocative meaning. And before ending
his speech also expresses amazing compliments to his wife, children, brothers, and
sisters and to both his late parents, which is very different from his
opponent, she at the very beginning, greets her family. But the essence of all
the utterances he uses in every speech or utterance above is: to convince or influence/persuade
the audience. And people coming to come to the building or who watch/see. Some might
feel satiated or convinced that he is
the most suitable candidate and deserves to be a president lead US. So he has employed
many powerful words or expressions that could perhaps attract potential
American voters, that’s his purpose.
Classifications
or Percentage
Mr. Trump spent almost 70
minutes when giving his speech, and it contains about 278 sentences, and the
followings are proportions
180
sentences are assertive or about 60 % from the total.
5
Sentences are expressive or about
%
5
Sentences are directive or about %
1
Sentence is declarative or about %
Will
66
Must
6
Can
4-1
Would
2
Need
to 1
The
way Mrs. Hillary Clinton welcomes and greets the people coming the building is
not less attractive but a lot different from her opponent, Mr. Trump. She first
thanked for the amazing welcome she received. She stated her readiness not very
beginning of speech and after giving compliments to her friends and supporters
the ones she knows well. She showed her pride to her daughter presence, Chelsea
along with her husband Mark, and their children, Charlotte and Aidan after that
she mentioned her husband, Bill Clinton. After telling how happy she is, she
also thanked Barrack Obama, Joe Biden, First lady Michelle Obama, Bernie Sanders
and her partner Tim Kaine.
Mrs.
Hillary Clinton’s acceptance of speech takes almost an hour, consisting about
370 sentences/utterances. While her opponent takes almost 70 minutes, And their language difference does not only relate with size,
and duration of their speeches but more than that ; pledges, plans, modalities, how she labels her
opponent, how she labels herself, what her strong points and achievements look
interesting to observe.
This
is how she begins “Thank you the amazing welcome! And Chelsea, thank you, I am so proud to
be your mother and so proud of the woman you have become. Thanks for bringing
Marc into our family, and Charlotte and Aidan into the world. And Bill, that
conversation we started in law library 45 years ago is going strong…..etc. And
in the eighteenth minute, she declares; and so with humility…determination... and
boundless confidence in America’s promise…. That I accept your nomination for
the President of the United States, and she implicitly questions her
opponent capacity and competence by saying “Sometimes people at this podium
are new to the national stage, as you know, I am not one of those people.
The she presents briefly her positive tract record “I have been the first lady.
Served 8 years as a senator from the great State of New York. I ran for the
President and lost. The I represented all of you as a Secretary of State. But my job titles only tell what I have done…etc.
She
then opens her opponent business tract record “But Trump, he is a businessman.
He must know something about economy.... In Atlantic City, 60 miles from here,
you’ll find contractors and small businesses who lost everything because Donald
Trump refused to pay the bills... not because he couldn’t pay them, but he
wouldn’t pay them.
Then
she continues giving bad labels by saying “.as the one who only gave empty
promises, implants hatred and fears to each other and divides unity, one who
limits people’s freedom, equality and opportunity. Someone who is self-center
or selfish, does not practice what he says, has bad business track record,
temperamental and so on. She articulates all those very expressively to
make all the audience coming to the building feels clear who actually he is. To
say “NO” to Mr. Trump and to support her.
Assertive 222 sentences.
Commissive 50 sentences.
Expressive 25 sentences.
Directive 24 sentences.
Declarative 1 sentence.
In presenting her commitment
when elected, she employs many modalities in her speech.
In here are the percentages in her speech;
a.
How
their speeches are like.
Having longer time when giving
speech, doesn’t mean can make more assertions, directives, expressive etc. The
fact Hillary Clinton’s language is not only more various/colorful than
Donald’s, especially in the opening part but she made a longer expressive
utterances in showing her gratitude compared to Donald Trump’s. Her speech is a
lot more dominant in all classification except for commissive. For this part Donald’s
pledges/promises relate with commissive are a lot more compared to Hillary
Clinton’s.
On third minute of his
speech, Donald Trump directly expresses his willingness/readiness to accept his
nomination, with Declarative Sentence, containing verb phrase after Subject “I”
( humbly and gratefully accept) and he
then request his supporters to defeat his opponent, Hillary Clinton so that
their party, Republic to lead America from the White House.
His speech is dominated by
Assertions (Assertive classification, 182 sentences/utterances) relates with
accusations/claims that Hillary Clinton’s ally, Barack Obama makes Americans
conditions worse than ever before, but many of his assertions or strong claims
are concerned with his competence and capacity to solve all the problems faced by America and make better prosperity, safety,
peace for all Americans. And among many Assertive three of them are paradox, as
satires or mocking to Hillary.
For commitment and pledges,
he uses around 90 commissives and the modalities he uses for his commitments
are; will 66, must 6, can 4, would 2 and need to 1.
The
next classification that appears after Assertive and Commissive is Expressive
consisting of five (5) sentences/utterances, that is when he thanks the guests
and his family and there are 4 Directive, when he asks his supporters to defeat
his opponent and to bring back Republic to the White House and to see some the
realities in their country, and there is 1 declarative, When declaring his
nomination.
All
the figurative language, paradox appears in Assertive, showing his opponent
weakness and his strengths, these are all his language style/color that can be
seen in about 70 minutes nomination speech, containing around 274 sentences.
When
Donald Trump spends 10 longer during nomination speech, or Hillary Clinton
spends 10 about minutes shorter, but
roughly Hillary Clinton’s speech content is a lot bigger/longer (consisting of
370 sentences/utterances), so seen from duration and content, very different,
his speech duration is 10 minutes longer, but Hillary’s utterances/sentences
are about 88 utterances longer.
Hillary
makes a lot longer expressive utterances in her opening while welcoming all her
supporters, expressing praises to her family first. She expresses her
acceptance in the twentieth minute, containing with Prepositional Phrase plus
Noun Phrase Opening (with humility and boundless confidence, I accept your
nomination)
b.
Types
of Modality Each uses
In
conveying their commitment to their supporters or to all American, each mostly
uses modality or modal verbs. There are 80 utterances Mr. Trump uses in
presenting his plans or promises to make America’s condition much better. The
most often modality he uses is medium modality type. There are two kinds of
medium modality will 55 times, would 2 followed by high modality type, and
there are two kinds: must 5 times, and need to 1, and the rest, Low Modality type
can 4 times.
From
about 370 utterances/sentences Hillary Clinton makes, 72 contain modalities,
although she makes fewer than her opponent, but the modality she uses, is more
various, here are they: medium modality
type is also the most dominant, consisting 31 will, 8 should and3 would,
followed low modality type 21 can, 3 could and 1might and the rest high
modality type consisting 3 must, and 3 have to
c.
Slippery
meaning.
Many of their utterances are
slippery, meaning their sayings can be seen from many different angles such as;
Pragmatics (Pragmatic Paraphrase), Semantics (Semantic Paraphrase), Entailment,
Presupposition etc.
C.1. Slippery messages from Mr. Trump
As
stated earlier that both candidates often make assertion, statements or claims
that have slippery meanings, that is the messages she/he delivers are very
interpretative, and here are some from him :
1.
a. I alone can fix alone
1.
b. PP: I am the best candidate who
understands all the problems and can give the right solutions to overcome them.
2.
a. I am the law and order candidate.
2.
b. PP: In my leadership I will always
uphold law and order.
3.
a. I am your voice.
3.
b. PP: I will always listen your needs
and meet them
4.
a. I am going to make our country rich
again
4.
b. Presupposition: America used to be
rich/ America is poor now
5.
a. I will make individual deals with
individual countries.
5.
b. PP: I will create freedom atmosphere
for business
6.
a. He (His VP Candidate, Governor Mike
Pence of Indiana) is a man of character and accomplishment.
6.
b. SP: My vice President has shown great
result in his career.
7.
a. I have no patience for injustices, no tolerance for government incompetence,
no sympathy for leaders who fail their citizens.
7.
b. Entailment: The present government is
incompetent, and fails to handle the problem and there are injustices in
America.
8.
a. We will lead our country back to
safety, prosperity, and peace.
8.
b. Presupposition or Entailment: No more
safety, prosperity and peace in America now.
9.
a. We will be a country of generosity,
warmth, but we will also be a country of law and order
9.
b. Presupposition or Entailment: The
leader is not generous to his people. Law and Order are not upheld yet.
10.
a. There
will be no lies.
10.
b. The present government’s ally is full
of lies.
And
the followings are his to about Hillary Clinton:
11.
a. This is the legacy of Hillary
Clinton: death, destruction, and weakness. (Paradox)
11.
b. PP: Hillary has always failed in her
career
12.
a. Her single greatest accomplishment
may be committing such as an egregious crime and getting away with it. (Paradox)
12.
b. Entailment: She once did crime and
she was irresponsible
13.
a. She is the puppet.
13.
b. Entailment: She is not independent.
14.
a. She is extremely careless and
negligent.
14.
b. SP: She is not an alert person
15.
a. She is incompetent.
15.
b. PP:
She totally does not deserve to be a US President
16.
a. She has bad tract record.
16.
b. SP: She was not successful in her
career.
17.
a. We will build wall.
17.
b. PP: We will impose restrictions to
some people (?).
d.
Hillary
Clinton’s slippery message.
After
welcoming her supporters, she gives quite long expressive greeting to her
family (her daughter, Chelsea and Chelsea’s husband and their children, her
husband Bill Clinton) at the very beginning and to her close allies as well.
This might remind American people implicitly that their marriage is always in
harmony and never get divorced, which is very different from her opponent.
e.
Here
are other Hillary Clinton’s slippery messages.
1.
a. Your cause is my cause.
1. b. SP: We have the needs
2. a. We will not build a wall
2. b. PP: There won’t be any discrimination in my
administration.
3. a. My families were builders of different
kinds.
3. b. PP: My family has made significant
contribution to this country
4. a. No one gets through life alone.
4. b. PP: It needs strong unity to succeed.
5. a. When there are no ceilings, the sky is the
limit.
5. b. PP: I will try to respond your progressive
needs
6. a. How to break through the grid lock in
Washington.
6. b. SP: We need to modify the rules to get
things done easier
7. a. The choice we face is just stark when it
comes to national security.
7. b. PP: National security is the top priority
8. a. American strength does not come from lashing
out.
8. b. PP: Hostility makes weak us
9. a. Let’s put ourselves in the shoes of police
officers, young black Americans and Latinos men
9. b. SP: we should be able to show sense of
sympathy and empathy to other people
10.
a. You have to stand up to bullies.
10.
b. PP:
We have to face the criticisms
11.
a. planting seeds in the garden you never
get to see.
11.
b. PP: It needs constant attention to
maintain good results
12.
a. And we begin a new chapter.
12.
b. SP: Let’s begin/start new period
13.
a. Out of many we are one.
13.
b. SP:
Unity makes strong.
14.
a. I will carry your voices and stories
with to the White house.
14.
b. Presupposition: Your needs will be
responded.
15.
a. Do all the good you can, for all the
people you can, in the ways you can, as long as ever you can.
15.
b. SP: Always try to do any good things
to all people with best ways
16.
a. People who let me into their lives,
and become part of mine.
16.
b. SP: When we share the same interest,
we are one.
17.
a. Your cause is my cause.
17.
b. SP: Your concern is also my concern.
Conclusion
In
accepting their nomination, each demonstrates their uniqueness in their speech.
In his acceptance speech, Donald Trump expresses his acceptance from the very
beginning (on the third minute) of his speech and followed by sharp attacking
messages to his opponent. His utterances / dictions tend be rather harsh, rude or
even provocative, more straight to the point (no wonder he gets controversial
predicate) but that might be part of his strategy to give powerful or strong pressure to his
opponent. It is also very clear that he confidently presents more big promises than
his opponent does.
Hillary
on the other hand does not directly express her acceptance in the beginning of
her speech, but after 18 minutes welcoming and showing her gratitude to her
supporters, then she conveys her acceptance. She employs moderate diction or
utterances with quite soft utterances. The modality she uses is more
various to show her pledges / plans or visions. But even though with soft style,
she articulates every utterance very expressively If Donald’s speech contains
many hatred, fears, hostility utterances, Hillary’s does not. And perhaps
that’s part of their distinctive style to grasp big result, that is: to give
preference for all Americans, and again the world is waiting and watching. And
people might always remember their words.
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